General Provisions
Cargos transported by air do not change their properties that may cause any threat to flight safety.
The maximal weight and dimensions are limited by the sizes of the cargo loading hatches and cargo compartments in passenger aircraft.
Registration and receiving of cargo
An airway bill is issued and signed by a consignor in three original copies, and is passed to an air carrier when handing over cargo for carriage. In this case:
- The first copy of the airway bill flies with cargo and is transferred to a consignee when he receives cargo;
- The second copy of the airway bill or “receipt on cargo reception” is passed to a shipper;
- The third copy of the airway bill is kept by an air carrier.
A consignor has the right to change a consignee in the airway bill prior to issuing the cargo to the consignee.
A shipper is responsible for the authenticity of documents provided by him, as they are necessary for air carriage.
When carrying out international air carriages of cargo the airway bill is issued at least in three copies. In this case:
- One copy is at the air carrier;
- One copy flies with cargo and is handed over to a consignee when issuing shipments;
- One copy stays with a shipper;
- Copies of the airway bill are provided to other parties.
Adding data regarding tariffs and charges is done by an air carrier.
An air carrier may require from a shipper or his authorized representative to fill-in additional airway bills if shipping consists of more than one piece or when one requires signing them by governmental structures.
The cargo is accepted for carriage only if there is a correctly checked airway bill.
At a shipper’s request, the air carrier may himself complete the airway bill. If the handed over to the air carrier together with the cargo does not contain all the necessary data than the air carrier has the right to make any necessary additions in it.
The shipper is responsibility for the accuracy of data, as regards the weight and number of packages/pieces or baggage indicated in the airway bill. The airline, without prejudice for flight’s delay and without undue necessity, has the right to inspect authenticity of any data specified in the airway bill.
A notation is made in the commercial invoice/airway bill about the cargo’s special properties when one requires and there are available special conditions for its carriage.
If the air carrier inspected the condition of shipments a mark is entered to the consignment note on conducted survey.
A notation is made in the commercial invoice/airway about the declared value of shipments, a mark is put that this cargo has been sealed and one indicates the name of the shipper’s seals.
If the value of the cargo is not declared then a note is put in the consignment note that the value of these shipments was not announced.
An air carrier should notify a consignee about the cargo’s arrival in his address.
A consignee has the right to refuse from accepting the damaged or spoiled shipments if it is found that the quality of goods has been changed so much that one excludes a possibility of full or partial use for its original purpose.
If a consignor’s order is lacking or no one demands the arrived cargo, or a consignee refuses to accept it then an air carrier has the right, having noticed the shipper about it, to keep the shipments in storage at the shipper’s expense and risk.
If an external appearance, packaging, condition of the cargo is not satisfactory then the shipper specifies it in the airway bill.
If a cargo trading-in for shipping has special properties or requires special conditions for carriage then the shipper should indicate this on the airway bill. If the shipper fails to do these instructions then the air carrier has the right to make a mark in the airway bill on the actual condition of the cargo and its special features and conditions of carriage or to clarify a previously made mark, having assured such correction by his signature and stamp.
The shipper is responsible for the completeness, accuracy, exactness of information indicated in the airway bill.
Requirements for cargo
The air carrier’s commercial service provides a shipper with information on the carriage rules for various categories of cargos, the order on accepting and checking them for carriage, the possible dimensions of freight (the cargo dimensions depend on the size of the hatches in the aircraft’s cargo compartments, containers and pallets) and information about freight depots.
Cargos are accepted for carriage on the conditions of their delivery to destinations in a timely manner without specifying the flight and date of departure, as well as due to the departure date, a specific flight:
- Import, export and transfer of cargo should be allowed by the laws and regulations of the country in/from/through which this carriage is carried out;
- The cargo exceeding the established limits on the size and weight of cargo may be accepted for carriage only with the air carrier’s consent;
- Dangerous goods, radioactive, perishable and other special types of cargo may be accepted for carriage in accordance with the rules and regulations on their carriage;
- All required documents should be enclosed to cargo depending from the nature of this cargo, confirming compliance with medical, quarantine and other regulations for cargo carriage.
If there is no possibility of sending the entire shipment on the booked flight then a part of this cargo may be taken for carriage, the weight and volume of which do not exceed the data on reservation. The remainder part of the cargo may be accepted for carriage after booking on another flight and conducting appropriate paperwork.
A copy of the airway bill is a document for a shipper confirming receipt of the cargo for carriage.
Packaging requirements
Packaging for the cargo declared for air carriage should be dry and clean, and shipments should not have sharp edges, projections and other things that might contaminate or damage the premises of the aircraft and its equipment, as well as luggage and mail.
Metal, glass, ceramic, wood, plastic and other containers, in which liquid (filled) and other cargoes are packaged subjected to air carriage, should withstand internal excess pressure that depends on altitude and air temperature, and is fully guaranteed against leakage, spillage or placer of the content.
An air carrier has the right to refuse to accept cargo for carriage if its packaging does not ensure its safety.
Packages and packaging of the places/pieces delivered for air carriage with a declared value should be sealed by the shipper. Seals should be standard ones, have clearly stamped numeric and alphabetic characters. In the airway bill, a notation is made on sealing the shipments and one indicates the names of the shipper’s seals.
Requirement for labeling
Each package should have a shipping label and the shipment for special purpose – a special marking. These markings should be clear, precise and reliable.
Carriage marking is applied by the shipper prior to the presentation of cargoes for carriage and it contains basic, additional and informational records, as well as handling signs.
Major inscriptions should contain: the name of the cargo, full or conditional registered/checked name of the consignee, the name of the destination including, if necessary, any transfer points, the serial number of a seat inside the freight.
Additional inscriptions include, at least, the following:
- Full or conditional registered/checked name of the consignor;
- Name of the departure point;
Information signs include, at least, the following:
- Gross weight, net weight and cargo space;
- The sizes and amount of cargo space.
The manipulation signs should indicate the methods of cargo handling.
Cargoes may be carried unpackaged with the air carrier’s permission.
The departure point marks the cargo with a sticking cargo label, on which one indicates the airway bill number, departure and destination points, as well as the number of seats and cargo’s weight.
An air carrier has the right to refuse in accepting a cargo or baggage for carriage if the packaging or labeling of cargo or baggage does not meet the established requirements.
When identifying abnormality of the integrity of packaging or lacking good condition of labeling the freight or baggage then the air carrier makes an appropriate act about it. Such an act may also be made by a shipper when sending a cargo or by a consignee upon receiving the shipments or by any organization serving this shipment or baggage if this is necessary in the interests of such parties.
Cargo insurance
Upon delivery of the cargo for shipment, at the shipper or other interested person’s request, the air carrier may conclude a contract of the shipments’ insurance carried by the air carrier’s airlines on behalf of an insurance company and for the benefit of the consignee or consignor. Information that the shipment has been insured is specified in the airway bill. In this case, the cargo is consider, as insured under the open policy within the limits of the insured amount and on the conditions specified in the airway bill. At the consignor/consignee’s request, additional information about the insurance conditions provided in the open policy may be obtained from the air carrier.
Details of consignment, the insured amount and terms of insurance provided and declared by a shipper or another interested person, as listed in the airway bill, should be considered, as authentic ones. The amount of the insurance compensation, in any case, should not exceed the limit of the amount provided in the open policy, even if the insured amount specified in the airway bill will exceed this limit.
Freight / cargo carriage
The cargo without packages should be offered for carriage mounted on special wooden pallets or should be packed with cushioning material in the form of wooden boards or planks in such a way that the load on the floor of the aircraft did not exceed the established standards and provided the opportunity for loader trucks’ operation.
Cargoes should be properly packed and loaded in such a way to avoid damaging the aircraft’s structure or other cargoes.
Carriage of transfer cargo
A transfer cargo accepted for carriage after receiving a confirmation of booking in all points of cargo’s delivery including the air routes operated by other air carriers in compliance with requirements of the states, through the territory of which such carriage is carried out.
When accepting a transfer cargo for carriage, an air carrier makes out an airway bill taking into account the transfer points and indicates the transfer points’ names in it.
If possible, an air carrier should deliver the cargo at the transfer point in time in order to avoid disrupting jointed flights.
A transfer cargo arrived in the transfer point in the packaging that does not ensure its safety, should be repacked. Further shipment is made after troubleshooting of packaging and shipping to the actual weight with an enclosed act that registers this fact.
An air carrier is not liable for delays in shipping at the transfer point associated with the lack of the required documents or their improper design/registration
Carriage of perishable cargo
Perishable cargo is accepted for carriage when a shipper presents quality certificates or other relevant certificates. The documents confirming the quality of perishable goods/cargo issued by an authorized body of the state power should be presented separately by the shipper for each cargo consignment.
The quality certificates or other relevant certificates should be presented separately for each cargo consignment. These quality certificates or other relevant certificates should specify maximum periods for carrying the shipments calculated from the date when this cargo was received for carriage at the departure point.
An air carrier may refuse in accepting perishable goods for their carriage if the airline can not ensure their delivery within the period specified by the shipper.
If, for any reason beyond the air carrier’s control, perishable goods can not be shipped in a timely manner then the air carrier should immediately notify the shipper and returns him this cargo and freight.
If perishable goods are at risk of damage than an air carrier undertakes the measures agreed with the shipper that are necessary for safeguarding his interests and the interests of the consignor, consignee and other persons.
Carriage of dangerous cargo
Carriage of dangerous goods by air is carried out:
- By all air carrier in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic in accordance with the requirements of the Aviation Regulations of the Kyrgyz Republic, “APKR-18 Transportation of Dangerous Cargo by Air”;
- In another state by the air carrier of the Kyrgyz Republic carriers - in accordance with the requirements of the aviation regulations of the Kyrgyz Republic "APKR-18 Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air", unless otherwise is required by the rules of this another state.
Carriage of cargo with accompanying persons
At the air carrier’s request, Perishable cargo and dangerous goods are accompanied by the shipper’s representatives under the responsibility of the latter.
When checking out air carriage of cargo with an accompanying person one should make a record in the airway bill’s section, “Shipper’s additional marks” that this shipment should be accompanied by and under the responsibility of the consignor’s (consignee’s) representative where one indicates a surname, the first name and patronymic of the accompanying person with a name and number of an identity document, the numbers of his trip certificate and the passenger air ticket.
The accompanying person should sign the airway bill on accepting the goods under his own responsibility and, if he is entrusted in receiving the goods at the destination then he should submit a standard power of attorney.
The person accompanying the shipment is on board an aircraft based upon his air ticket or charter contract. The person accompanying the shipment provides its acceptation at the departure point, its protection during carriage and delivery of this shipment at the destination.
The accompanying person takes the seat on the aircraft indicated by the commander of this air vessel after the cargo has been loaded and freighted.
The accompanying person’s functions and responsibilities include, at least, the following:
- He provides continuous monitoring of the condition of cargo, its safety and reliability of mooring;
- He immediately informs the aircraft commander on any shift of the cargo or broken its packaging or mooring;
- He ensures the protection of cargo from an unauthorized access to it;
- He complies with any requirements of the aircraft commander during a flight;
- When carrying animals, he cleans the area where these animals are transported, as well as he feeds them and provides the necessary health care;
- In the if departure is delayed and when carrying perishable goods he should report to appropriate services at airport on cargo’s condition and necessity of removing it;
- Upon arrival in the destination, he should inform appropriate services at the airport and the consignee about the cargo’s condition and any infringements related with the air carriage’s rules.
An air carrier assists in the accompanying person in implementing by him the tasks on cargo tracking.
In the case if an accompanying person is sick or there are other conditions, under which he is unable to accompany the cargo then the air carrier checks the status and conditions of the shipment and makes an appropriate act about this so, in further, this shipment is carried under the air carrier’s liability. When an air carrier appoints another accompanying person the consignee should reimburse all costs on accompanying the cargo to the air carrier.
When issuing at the destination, the shipment is not weighed if they are tracked by an accompanying person, except in the cases when a partial loss of or damage to cargo is due to reasons beyond the accompanying person.
Valuable cargo carriage
The shipments, the actual cost of which is impossible to determine in the case of their loss, damage or injury, are usually carried, as a valuable cargo.
When declaring the value of these goods, their cost should not be overstated, and, where necessary, should be compared with a sticker price of these goods, or items similar to them, taking into account their degree of wear. The amount of the declared value of goods does not exceed its actual cost, and is confirmed by the shipper’s accounts, price lists and other relevant documents.
If necessary documents confirming the rate of the declared value of cargo are lacking then an air carrier has the right to refuse in accepting cargo for carriage.
Precious metals and jewels from them, precious stones, works of art, antiques, unique tools and other items of high value or of great historical value, as well as expensive things and items, which value may be determined by a competent authority or expertise only then it is advisable to carry them with accompanying persons only assigned by the shipper under their responsibility for safety.
The shipments that are handed over for carriage with a declared value should be packed in a strong, serviceable container; they should have edging by a solid steel tape and be sealed. One mounts seals with clear prints of letters and symbols on the string or wire ends. The ends of the string or wire should be securely tightened to completely exclude a possibility of their removal, separation, or damage during carriage. Personal belongings of the citizens are not sealed. However, the belongings and the property packed in cloth or other durable materials should be sheathed by similar and intact sewing/whole thread and tied with strong ropes with no knots.
A shipper puts an inscription with indelible paint on each piece of the cargo where he declares the amount of the announced value indicating this amount in words and (putting appropriate digits in brackets). The cargo receiver inspects cargo packaging and labeling of each cargo piece, which is delivered for carriage with the declared value; he verifies the integrity and serviceability of seals.
If a cargo is unsatisfactorily packed then an air carrier has the right to refuse in accepting such shipment.
The cargoes with a declared value may be accepted for carriage only to those destinations, to which the flight schedule provides with direct flights. Acceptance of shipments with a declared value in airports with reloading at transit or intermediate points is prohibited.
According to one airway bill, one allows to issue such number of packages with a declared value, which can be loaded simultaneously on one aircraft. When checking an airway bill the cargo’s pieces in standard packages with the same declared value may be recorded by a total number of pieces, total weight and the summed announced value.
If cargoes with an identical declared value but in different packaging, as well as with varying declared value are delivered for carriage then each such piece of cargo is recorded in a separate row of the airway bill with an indication of its weight and value. After such a record in the airway bill, one puts the summed up number of seats, their weight and the total amount of insured/declared value in figures and words.
If it is impossible to write in all pieces of the shipment with a declared value in one airway bill, as they are delivered for carriage at one destination and to the address of one consignee then one issues such number of airway bills, which is required for their clearance of the above order. Making a single airway bill for carriage of cargo with declared and undeclared values is not allowed.
All cargo pieces checked by a single airway bill with declared value should be jointly sent in all the cases by the same aircraft. When carrying cargoes with declared value the airway bill indicates the announced value for such shipment.
Valuable cargo with any defects or infringements, as regards the rules of packaging, is not accepted for carriage.
One collects a certain air fare and an additional fee for the declared value according to the air carrier’s rules for applying fares/tariffs for carrying the shipments with the declared value. The cargoes’ pieces with the declared value should be stored at the airport separately from other shipments/goods in the rooms that may be locked and sealed.
In the case if storekeepers are duty in shifts then goods/shipments with a declared value are received/delivered after their inspection, as regards the condition of their packages, and, if necessary, their weight is checked, too. Such shipments are carried in closed and sealed premises of an aircraft or, at air carrier’s decision, under the supervision of the aircraft’s aircrew member.
If, in some necessary cases, the shipments with a declared value are delivered for carriage before the destination by other vehicles then one should make records in transfer documents, as regards the amount of the declared value of cargo according to data about this in the airway bill.
Handling of arrived cargo
Shipping/carriage is considered, as done, after the issuance of cargo to the consignee in accordance with the conditions specified in the air carriage contract.
An air carrier ensures proper storage of cargo arrived in the destination before its issuance to the consignee within the term specified by the air carrier’s rules and the air carriage contract.
A notification on the arrived cargo should be sent to the consignee indicated in the airway bill within 12 hours upon the aircraft’s arrival, and, in respect of perishable goods, - within three (3) hours.
A notification is sent by a telegram or a telephone message. An air carrier is not responsible for non-receipt or delay of notifying by a telegram.
The shipments are issued to the consignee in accordance with the terms of the air carriage contract.
Transfer of cargo to customs or another public authority is carried out at the request of the latter in accordance with the applicable legislation, provided that the shipments have not been requested by a consignee. The fact of such transfer of cargo is notified by signing an appropriate document on handing over such shipment by the air carrier and accepting party.
Terms of cargo delivery
The time to start calculating the term of delivery and delay in cargo delivery is stipulated in the air carriage contract.
The term for delivery of cargo is considered to be unstrained if this delay was due to force majeure, which are beyond the air carrier’s capacities. A specific list of such circumstances may be specified in the air carriage contract.
If a consignee has not received the arrived shipments within three days following the date of sending a notification on this arrival to the consignee’s address, or within the period prescribed by the air carrier’s rules or by the air carrier contract, or if he refuses receiving it then the air carrier notifies the shipper about this informing that the airline leaves the shipments in air company’s premises at the shipper’s expense and at his risk.
If the shipments have not been claimed at the airport of arrival within the period stipulated in the air carriage contract then the airline, airport or any other organization that has taken the responsibility for storage of cargo sends a notice to the consignee that it is necessary to receive the shipment. If after ten (10) days from the date of sending the notice on the necessity to receive the shipment it is not claimed or a consignee refused accepting it then the air carrier notifies the shipper that this cargo has not been handed over. The above-mentioned notice should contain a warning about possible sale or destruction of goods in the case of lacking the consignor’s orders the within the period specified in the notice. In the case if the consignor’s orders have been lacking for 30 (thirty) days from the date of the notice about failure to hand over cargo or if the execution of the received orders is impossible then this cargo is considered unclaimed and may be sold or destroyed.
Undocumented or unclaimed shipments have been stored at airports of the Kyrgyz Republic within 60 (sixty) days from the date of their arrival at the airport, provided that during this period, the cargo may be saved and will not endanger the life or health of the people who should be in or near the premises where the shipment is stored. An airport or an air carrier, if this cargo is accepted under the air carrier’s responsibility, has been undertaking the appropriate steps during this period to find the cargo’s owner. After this period, the cargo may be sold or utilized by an airport or an organization that is responsible for storing this cargo, or by an air carrier, respectively, as defined by the established legislation or by the relevant Aviation Regulations of the Kyrgyz Republic. All funds received/collected, as a result of such sale, should be allocated to compensate the losses incurred by the airport and/or air carrier, unless otherwise is stipulated in the air carriage contract or the relevant legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic (KR). Sale of these shipments does not relieve the consignor/ consignee from his responsibility for the execution of any other terms and conditions of the air carriage contract.
Searching for cargo
If upon arrival of the aircraft to a destination or a transfer point one finds out that a cargo/airway bill was not entered to a cargo register then this cargo without the airway bill and/or other required documents, bill of lading and/or other required documents without cargo or cargo can not be identified, as a result of the fuzzy transportation markings on the cargo, or the lack of labeling then the air carrier searches for cargo and/or airway bill, other required documents and ensure the delivery of the shipment and/or airway bill and other necessary documents to the destination or the transfer point.
The measures on searching for cargo/airway bill and other necessary documents are immediately undertaken after preparation of the act:
- A notice is sent to the departure point about found faults occurred during carrying the cargo by the flight, on which the cargo/airway bill and other necessary documents arrived (not arrived);
- Forming the investigative proceedings;
- Sending requests to the points, from which the cargo/airway bill and other necessary documents could be delivered or in which the cargo/airway bill and other necessary documents could be sent;
- Sending the instructions on disposal of the cargo /airway bill and other necessary documents in the case of finding the sent cargo/ airway bill and other necessary documents.
Non-receipt of cargo by consignee
If a consignee refuses or is unable to obtain the shipments arrived at the destination then an air carrier undertakes all measures to comply with the shipper’s orders indicated in the airway bill, or received from him after the given notice on impossibility to issue this cargo to the consignee. If such orders are not available or can not be implemented then the air carrier may:
- Send a notification to the consignor stating that the consignee did not receive his cargo await further orders from the consignor;
- If the consignor’s orders have been lacking for a 30-day period of storing the cargo the airline will undertake measures so that this cargo is received, returned, or sold in accordance with the existing order in this country.
The shipper and consignee of cargo reimburse all the expenses caused by non-receipt of cargo including the charges for shipping back. If on expiring 15 days after the return of the cargo at the departure point the shipper refuses to pay these costs then the air carrier may sell the whole or a part of the cargo. In this case, the air carrier should send a message to the shipper about this intention at the address specified in the airway bill 10 days prior to sale.
In the case of accumulating the cargoes at the airport due to delays in their departing by consignees at their fault the payment for storing this cargo at the airport may be increased by three times.
Storage period for cargo without documents and unclaimed cargo
Undocumented or unclaimed cargo is stored at the point of its unloading for no more than two months, unless otherwise is stipulated by the relevant legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic. After the specified period, such cargo is sold or utilized in accordance with the applicable legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic or the state where this cargo was unloaded.
The consignee has the right to receive the cash funds collected for the sale of the shipment from the air carrier with the deduction of the amounts due to the air carrier.
The order of sale and destruction of unclaimed cargo
The shipment is subjected to sale or destruction if it is recognized as unclaimed.
The decision to sell or destruct the shipment is made by a commission formed by the airline, airport or any other organization that accepted this cargo. The committee includes the representatives from the servicing organization, an experts’ organization, and, in the case of selling the shipment, one also involved an appraiser.
Notice: In accordance with the regulations of the Kyrgyz Republic the commission may include representatives of government agencies.
The commission should check availability of the documents and materials confirming the timeliness and completeness of undertaken measures to identify the origin of the shipment and identify that the available materials are sufficient for making a decision to sell or destroy this cargo.
When deciding an issue whether to sell or destroy the cargo, the commission considers the following documents:
- The act;
- The airway bill (if any);
- The investigate case;
- Acts from an experts’ organization on cargo’s expertise;
- Order from the consignor, documents on consignee’s refusal to receive the shipment (if any);
- Other documents stipulated by normative legal acts of the Kyrgyz Republic.
The commission’s decision on selling or destroying the shipment is registered by an act on sale or an act of destruction.
The shipments are sold at the appraisal/assessment established by the commission. The sale is done through trade organizations.
For destruction, the cargo is handed over to specialized institutions.
When selling the shipments, an air carrier is entitled to deduct all amounts due to him and other persons involved in the cargo’s non-receipt process from the total amount collected from the sale and the remaining amount is to be transferred to the shipper. The sale of the cargo does not relieve the consignor from compensating the air carrier and other persons with the expenses not covered by the funds collected from the sale of these shipments.
Carrier’s rights when carrying cargoes
If an air carrier decides it is necessary to temporarily detain the shipments at any point before, during or after carriage then he may notify the shipper/consignee to locate the shipment to a warehouse at the shipper/consignee’s expense and responsibility. In particular, the air carrier may consider the following reasons for making such a decision:
- Availability of the circumstances (weather conditions, natural disaster, war, strikes or other such circumstances that one could not foresee or predict) that are beyond the air carrier’s control;
- Acts and requirements of government agencies.
In such cases, the shipper or consignee reimburse expenses incurred by the air carrier and exempt him from the obligations arising from the air carriage contract.
An air carrier has the right to refuse a shipper in carriage if this carriage creates a threat to flight safety or contradicts to any applicable law, aviation rules or air carrier’s regulations.
Opening the packaging of shipments in the absence of the consignor/consignee may be initiated by the initiative of the air carrier, the organization that is responsible for storage of shipments, airport’s aviation security service, or any other competent authority of the state only in those cases when this is required in order to ensure aviation security or flight safety. This opening and subsequent packaging and sealing of cargo is done by the initiating party in the presence of other parties specified in this paragraph. In the case of any opening the cargo packaging one should draw up an act specifying the actual weight of the damaged cargo piece, the number of packages in the consignment, one describes the internal contents and status of the shipments and damaged packages. The act should be signed by the parties that participated in opening the cargo.
Shipper’s refusal from carriage
The shipper’s refusal to carry his cargo is considered, as a forced one, in the following cases:
- Failure to send the shipments within the period specified in the airway bill;
- An aircraft landed at the destination other than the final destination for shipments, and the cargo was delayed there;
- Shipments have been delayed at the transfer point for a longer period, as one provided when booking and specifying data in the airway bill;
- Air carrier’s refusal to re-address cargo to another air carrier in connection with the termination of the aircraft’s flight because of weather conditions, or for the reasons beyond the air carrier’s control;
- Cargo was damaged during a flight through the air carrier’s fault;
- Cargo was sent to a different destination.
In the case of the shipper’s refusal from carriage caused by the air carrier the air carrier returns the shipper of the cash amount paid by the latter for unperformed carriage.
Payment of fares and charges
A shipper, at the air carrier’s request, reimburses the latter with all expenses incurred by the air carrier in connection with payment of fees, taxes, duties and other payments required during the carriage of cargo.
An air carrier has the right to detain the shipments, as a security for payment of expenses, and if there is no any payment then the airline is entitled to sell these goods in the prescribed manner, provided that, prior to such sale, the air carrier sent an appropriate notification to a consignor or a consignee by mail at the address specified in the airway bill, as well as the airline may keep a part from the earned amount that is necessary to cover these costs.